Gloria González Fuster

Key developments

• 🇪🇺 The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union is solemnly proclaimed (read more about it here, and access the travaux préparatoires, edited by Marc Steitert and Niall Coghlan, here). The EU Charter’s Article 8, titled ‘Protection of personal data’, establishes:
  • ‘1.  Everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her.
  • 2. Such data must be processed fairly for specified purposes and on the basis of the consent of the person concerned or some other legitimate basis laid down by law. Everyone has the right of access to data which has been collected concerning him or her, and the right to have it rectified.
  • 3. Compliance with these rules shall be subject to control by an independent authority’.
• 🇪🇺 🇺🇸 The European Commission adopts on 26 July 2000 a Decision stating that the ‘Safe harbour privacy principles and related frequently asked questions issued by the US Department of Commerce provide for an ‘adequate level of protection’ for data transfers.
• 🇪🇺 On 18 December 2000 is adopted Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data.
• ⚖️ The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) decides in Amann v Switzerland, on 16 February 2000, and in Rotaru v Romania, on 4 May 2000.

Also this year

• 🇪🇺 At the European Parliament, on 23 February 2000 the LIBE Committee organises a ‘data protection’ hearing on ECHELON, the global surveillance system that US authorities had originally denied existed, the existence of which had by then been confirmed. Read more in the study ‘The ECHELON Affair: The EP and the global interception system 1998-2002′, published in 2014.

• 🇪🇺 At the European Commission:
  • European Commission / Joint Research Centre, The Role of Technology in Facilitating On-Line Privacy. Results and Conclusions of a Workshop for Identifying Technology Requirements to Support EU Data Protection Legislation, 17 May 2000;
  • 🇪🇺 🇨🇭 Commission Decision of 26 July 2000 on the adequate protection of personal data provided in Switzerland.
• 🇨🇦 Canada adopts The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA).
• 🇦🇷 Argentina adopts the Ley 25326 de Protección de los datos personales.
• Directive 95/46/EC is implemented in 🇩🇰 Denmark by the Act on Processing of Personal Data (Act No 429), adopted on 31 May 2000, which enters into force on 1 July 2000. It is implemented in the 🇳🇱 Netherlands by an act of 6 July 2000 (Wet van 6 juli 2000, houdende regels inzake de bescherming van persoonsgegevens (Wet bescherming persoonsgegevens)).

Literature

• Allen, Anita L. (2000), ‘Data Control: Conceptual, Practical, and Moral Limits of the Paradigm’, Connecticut Law Review 32, 861-675.
• Allen, Anita L. (2000), ‘Gender and Privacy in Cyberspace‘, Stanford Law Review, 52(5) Symposium: Cyberspace and Privacy: A New Legal Paradigm?, 1175-1200.
• Blanke, Jordan M. (2000) ‘“Safe Harbor” and the European Union’s Directive on Data Protection’, Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology, 11(1).
• Bygrave, Lee A. (2000), ‘European Data Protection: Determining Applicable Law Pursuant to European Data Protection Legislation‘, Computer Law & Security Review 16(4), 252-257.
• Froomkin, A. Michael (2000), ‘The Death of Privacy?‘, Stanford Law Review, 52, 1461-1543.
• Guadamuz, Andrés (2000), ‘Habeas Data: The Latin American Response to Data Protection‘, The Journal of Information, Law and Technology, 2.
• Haggerty, Kevin D., and Richard V. Ericson (2000), ‘The Surveillant Assemblage‘, British Journal of Sociology, 51(4), 605-622.
• Reidenberg, Joel R. (2000), ‘Resolving Conflicting International Data Privacy Rules in Cyberspace’, Stanford Law Review, 52(5), 1315-1372.
• Shaffer, Gregory (2000), ‘Globalization and social protection: The impact of EU and international rules in the ratcheting up of US privacy standards‘, The Yale Journal of International Law, 25(1), 1-88.
• Information Systems Security
• Vacca, John R. (2000), ‘The European Data Protection Directive: A Roadblock to International Trade?‘, Information Systems Security, 9:1, 1-10.
• Wacks, Raymond (2000), ‘Domestic Helpers’ Privacy’, Hong Kong Law Journal 30(3), 361-367.

In the media

• Clausing, Jeri, ‘Europe and U.S. Reach Data Privacy Pact’, The New York Times, 15 March 2000.
• ‘E.U. Unlikely to Seek Renegotiation of Data Deal With U.S.’, The New York Times, 14 July 2000.
• ‘Commission Says U.S. Data Protection Is Adequate for E.U.‘ The New York Times, 29 July 2000.

In memoriam

• Bernard Tricot (1920-2000). Read his Mémoires, published in 1994 by Quai Voltaire, esp. p. 393 and ff.

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